Advantage and Disadvantage About Internet

Nowadays, nobody is unfamiliar with the internet. Considering the past hundred years, many people believe has been the greatest invention. Some people feel strongly that it is necessary for their lives. However, it is important to look at both sides of the discussion. First of all, many people like to use the internet. Especially, those who want to have an easy life. For example, people can buy services or products via online shopping.This is convenient for those who do not have time to go shopping. Moreover, the internet is suitable for distance education. This is convenient for people who do not have time to go to university or college, so they are able to learn from anywhere at any time they want. Furthermore, the internet can be a tool to connect people in the world. People can keep in touch with their families and friends when they live far from each other.For these reasons, many people feel the internet is essential. On the other hand, many people are easily addicted to the int ernet. Particularly, teenagers who love a social network sites, they often spend a lot of time accessing such sites, for example, Facebook, Skype and Twitter. This is one reason why many teenagers do not communicate with their parents. In addition, a lot of people have lost their life style. They do not need to talk each other face to face.They prefer to contact their friends and colleagues by sending messages or posting comments on the social media about what they want or what they did. Finally, it is easy for someone to steal your information. For instance, your bank account number, username and password and mobile number, then they use your details to buy something or do bank transactions. To sum up, the internes is like a double-edged sword, you must be careful and learn how to use the internet. Besides, you should avoid some websites if you are not sure they are safe.

Romeo and Juliet- Dilemmas

Out of the frying pan into the fire: The cause and effect Friar Lawrence’s dilemma, in William Shakespeare’s play, Romeo and Juliet. A dilemma is a very unfortunate thing that no individual should ever have to face. A dilemma is a very tough choice in which there are many choices, all of which usually have bad outcomes.William Shakespeare gives us many examples of a dilemma throughout his play of, Romeo and Juliet, some of the dilemma’s Shakespeare shows us, is when Friar Laurence has to decide whether to marry Romeo and Juliet, how he has to decide how to get Romeo and Juliet back together after Romeo is banished, and finally how his choice leads to the death of the two star crossed lovers.Through friar Laurence’s example, William Shakespeare demonstrates that when faced with a dilemma go with a simple choice, because when ideas become complex there is more room for error. Initially we see Friar Laurence as a man of the church who disapproves of Romeoâ₠¬â„¢s love for Rosaline, but also disapproves of him changing whom he loves very quickly. Friar Laurence tells Romeo that he is going through love to quickly, (Holy Saint Francis!What a change is here! Is Rosaline that thou didst love so dear, So soon forsaken? Young men’s love then lies Not truly in their hearts, but in their eyes†2. 3. 66-69) This is only some of the wisdom spoken by Friar Laurence to young Romeo in William Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet on the decision made by him to wed thirteen year old Juliet in such hastiness after shedding his love for Rosaline.Romeo sought after instruction through the wisdom of Friar Laurence when he first met Juliet as there was no one else he could turn to, especially when the couple decided they wanted to get married. At that point in the play, it became apparent to Friar Laurence that if he were to marry Romeo and Juliet that it could abolish the hatred between the Capulet’s and the Montague’s, and con cludes that he will help Romeo and Juliet plot their marriage in secret, hoping that it will bring their family’s together.However, after Friar Laurence marries Romeo and Juliet, he is confronted with the obstacle of Romeo being banished, which causes him too struggle as he seeks to find a way to keep Romeo and Juliet together. Juliet convinces Friar Laurence to help her by coming up with a plan to bring Romeo and Juliet back together, (God joined my heart and Romeo's, thou our hands; And ere this hand, by thee to Romeo's sealed, Shall be the label to another deed†¦Could to no issue of true honor bring! Be not so long to speak!I long to die, If what thou speak'st, speak not of remedy! 4. 1. 56-58 ; 66-68). In the discussion Juliet blames Friar Laurence for marrying her to Romeo, and blames him for Romeo being banished, she tells him it is his entire fault and he needs to fix it, thus evoking Friar Laurence to come up with a plan to help her spend time with Romeo. Consequ ently when Friar Laurence comes up with a complex plan, when something that Juliet said sparks an idea, (O, bid me leap, rather than marry Paris, 4. . 78) Juliet tells him that she would rater die than marry Paris, which brings him to the idea of faking Juliet’s death. He believes, with a draft that puts Juliet to sleep, and makes her look dead, her family will put her in the family vault. Then as a second stage of the plan a letter would be given to Romeo telling him to come to the burial vault, where they will meet, and then after she awakes they will be able to run off together, and live somewhere else happily ever after.But the complexity of father Laurence's plan leads to a miscommunication, which causes the death of both star crossed lovers. Romeo fails to receive Friar Laurence's letter and receives the news of Juliet's death from a relative, but the relative does not know of the plan behind her death. Romeo goes to visit the burial vault, and kills himself over Juliet 's seemingly dead body, soon after she awakes and then kills herself once she realizes Romeo is dead.This is why a dilemma is so complicated and why it should not be forced upon anyone. As demonstrated by William Shakespeare in his play Romeo and Juliet, a dilemma is a choice with much room for error and needs to be gone through with much precaution. William Shakespeare saw the need to put dilemmas in his play and understood the importance of choices that seemed like every day choices, but had hard decisions involved, choices in which the power to change the whole story line is held.These choices are shown by William Shakespeare's character Friar Laurence, as he has to decide whether to marry Romeo and Juliet, he has to decide how get Romeo and Juliet back together after Romeo is banished, and finally when his choices lead to the death of Romeo and Juliet. One bit of advice that should be taken from this play is that, when faced with a dilemma go with a simple choice, because when i deas become complex there is more room for error.

Politics in Students’ Life Essay

The question of the participation of students in politics has always evoked a lot of discussion. It has been a very controversial subject. Two contrasting opinion is have been expressed by the two groups of people. Both the groups are equally convinced of the merits of their cases. The discussion goes on between the students, teachers, politicians and other well-wishers of the student community. In spite of their best efforts, no satisfactory or convincing solution has so far been found cut. Those who oppose the participation of students in politics put up a strong case. They argue the t politics is a dirty game. It creates – groups and parties and leads to permanent enmities. It disturbs the peace of mind of the students. The primary duty of a student is to pay single-minded, attention to his studies; He is supposed to lead a life of penance or Tapasya. He cannot afford to take part in the luxury of politics. Politics causes a great interference in the studies of the students. Interest in politics leads a student to an active participation in strikes, demonstrations and processions. At times, it brings him into a serious clash with the college authorities – or the police. May be, he lands himself in jail. All this disrupts his studies and he is pushed off the rails. He loses his real purpose in life and goes astray. Participation in politics thus spoils a student’s career and makes him useless for any purpose other than strikes, demonstrations and slogan-shouting. Those who support the participation of students in politics make out an equally strong case. They argue that education does not mean mere literacy. It means a total and all-round development of a student’s personality. It makes him aware of what is happening in his country and in the world around him. It also develops in him the qualities of leadership. Instead of being – a timid, shy book- worm, he grows into an aggressive, dominating and alert Youngman who knows how to fight the battle of life. Participation in politics trains a student to be a good citizen. It gives him training in the democratic way of life. He grows into a responsible and cultured citizen who is an asset to the nation it creates in him a sense of patriotism. He knows his duties towards his country. He has a fair knowledge of the world. He develops debating skill and he can always put forward his point of view with force and conviction. He develops all the qualities of head and heart. He is trained for leadership. As a leader in the making, he develops such qualities as courage, sincerity of purpose, a spirit of service, sympathy for the fellowmen, self-discipline and devotion to duty. Student period is the formative period in one’s life. A student must develop all such qualities in him during this period as enable him to lead a successful life. If we study the lives of our of them did take an active part in politics even during their student days. Now, it is difficult to pronounce any verdict in favor of one or the other point of view. The golden mean would probably be the best way out. A student should take part in politics, but is should not be an active participation. All activities are good if one remains within reasonable limits. Students should, therefore, pay attention to their studies. They should at the same time, keep themselves informed about, that is happening around them. They should not hesitate – from jumping into politics if the’ situation threatens the unity or the freedom of the country. So this was an essay on student politics.

Broken windwo theory in crime Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Broken windwo theory in crime - Essay Example For instance, in the real life situation, if the governments of the concerned states ensure that they institute proper monitoring policies, the state will have minimal issues to report that would relate to vandalism, since the urban areas are constantly under check. In fact, this is to mean that the number of rising cases of crimes would reduce on a higher rate, resulting in a situation whereby the country would be a more peaceful place prior to the scrutiny processes. With the introduction of the theory in the early 1980s, it is expected that the beneficiaries of the theory have had immense benefits in terms of the restoring sense in the communal sphere, through reduced occurrences of crime. Over the years, it can arguably be justified to make the assumption that the theory has been a motivation to the complete banning of crime in the public, through restructuring of the policies of crime monitoring. Despite the fact that the theory has been debated on its validity and practicality, it is recommended that the positives of the theory be applied. In the real life setting, the theory can be applied by the police taking part in the initiatives to conduct constant patrols in the streets so as to avert implementation of any kind of crimes that might have been planned. The theory can also be applied practically through establishment of community policing programs. With community policing functional in the society, it is obvious that both parties will join forces in ensuring that crime is forestalled collectively. Studies indicate that the tough economic conditions have resulted in a lot of youths indulging in criminal activities. All these can only be handled if the police forces restructure their policies on handling crime in the society. The costs of prevention can indeed not be measured alongside curbing of the effects. In

Mining Industry Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Mining Industry - Research Paper Example They are used in constructing the foundation of structures like houses, buildings and towers. They are also necessary in making pipelines and electric lines. Metals have really many uses in construction (Ballast, 2007, p. 216). Even the tools used by carpenters and the machines used in construction are all made from metals. Metals are not only used for construction and ornaments, they are also proven to be necessary in kitchen wares, dining wares, weapons, vehicles, coins, hospital equipment, factory machines, computers, appliances, and many more. Metals have been part of the daily life since they have the characteristics of having high tensile strength and conductive properties while some of them are ductile and malleable (Kjelle, 2006). Those unique characteristics make metals very important in the lives of people. Without them, technology will not be able to advance quickly and people will not have the tools that they need to make their works easier than before. Metals are extract ed from the earth together with other minerals that are necessary for survival of humankind. The activity of mineral extraction is called mining (Hartman and Mutansky, 2002, p. 1). It has been conducted many times already as people need minerals as raw materials for creating the objects that they use. Such dependence upon the minerals and mining has led to the understanding of the nature of the earth and considering it as the source of richness. Mining is not just a simple process of extraction as it gets the minerals from rocks, soil and other geological particles from the land or even under water. Geological materials may vary in size from big boulders of rocks to small stones and gravel (Hartman and Mutansky, 2002, p. 5). With the different sizes of materials, mining requires various approaches especially when extraction is needed to be done in reefs. Mining is usually undertaken to satisfy economic interests as some minerals are proven to be precious metals which cost very high in the market. People may find them to be expensive and the sellers will get lumps of wealth from the precious metals and minerals. Some people may think that it is easy to obtain minerals and metals but they are gathered in complex manners. In addition, processing must be done after the extraction before they become useful in the market. Normally the complex processes in extraction and refining add up to the market price of the metals (Hartman and Mutansky, 2002, p. 15). The said process in the aforementioned paragraph takes a long run wherein the extracted materials from the earth must be segregated to separate the metals from the waste materials. The separated materials called side materials may not be totally wasted but they are not the priority of the miners. In the mining area, it is a common sight to gather more waste than the raw metal (ore) during the whole mining activity in a given area. Because of the low chance of obtaining much ores, detailed planning in the quest for the raw metals and minerals are needed (Panagiotou and Michalakopoulos, 2000, p. 439). The whole activity puts in high expenses in the side of the companies involved in the activities. The waste separated from the ores during the mining process is classified as either mineralized or sterile. The former has the capacity to react with acids while the latter does not have any affinity for acids. The

Americas History of Immigration Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Americas History of Immigration - Essay Example To begin with, the most notable point in the American Immigration history lies in the creation of its colonial era. The American experience was perceived as a colony where there would be freedom as well as a feeling of mutual bonding. (Parrillo, 2002) This was first demonstrated by the Puritans who built the first English colony at Jamestown, Virginia, in the year 1607. These efforts were replicated by various communities throughout the two century old immigration experience of the United States. Therefore, the turning point was the creation of a model which was to be followed by the variety of people arriving at the American shores, so as create an essentially American way of life. (Gjerde, 1998. Pp 288 to 290 ) Another turning point came in the form of the framing of the US Constitution in the nineteenth century. This helped the diverse American population gain an insight into what was typically American. The Constitution laid special emphasis on freedom, which led to the definition of various unique groups and their ways of living. The Constitution provided the necessary impetus that forced the people to unite on the common grounds of secularism and freedom. Also, with a new focus on new age terms like welfare state and public policy, there was a mass paradigm shift towards understanding the plight of the various communities and creating a platform upon which they may voice their issues and thus gain new insights into public life. (Parrillo, 2002) The election of Andrew Jackson in 1828, as the first "outsider" to be elected as the President, paved the way for the creation of an America that could expand its frontiers through the sheer power of diversity presented by the people thronging it. (Palmer, 2005) This trend was further fuelled through the modifications rendered to public policy to cater to the needs of minorities who were fast taking to America as their homeland. There was a new brand of administrative policy activism during this period, which triggered federal immigration policies to be restructured along dynamic innovative lines. Further, nationhood and social order were described during this period in terms of the ethnicities and their diverse needs. The coming of the Irish to the American shores during the 1800s ushered an age of renewed political agenda aimed at the so called "outsiders". The Irish settled around New England, poised for a greater role in the political affairs of the nation. This brought about a new breed of causal politicians who showed America what culture and refinement feel like. Having followed directly after the abolishment of slavery and the migration of the Southern Blacks towards the Northern industrial states, the migration of the Irish served to better understand and define freedom in terms of the ethnic diversity thronging the American shores. (Parrillo, 2002) Further, the progressive movement was closely followed by the First World War, where the traveling American was brought face to face with social issues on the home front. There was an acknowledgement of the fact that the social dictates of the land had grown to disproportionate dimensions in the face of multi cultural interactions. This led to the need for government action during the 1900s in a bid to demonstrate the ideal American family. While many Asian communities were averse to these trends, the second generation immigrants were more forgiving.

Roanoke Island Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Roanoke Island - Research Paper Example The race for the newly discovered world, comprising of the modern day Americas, began in the later part of the 16th century. England had made numerous attempts to claim land across the Atlantic, long before it even won its conquest over Spain. For instance, in the year 1583 Sir Humphrey Gilbert laid claim over Newfoundland on behalf of the reigning Queen Elizabeth I. However, Sir Gilbert died before he could establish a colony. In the subsequent year, the Queen commissioned Sir Walter Raleigh to arrogate land in newly discovered North America. Sir Raleigh’s expedition was intended to ensure that England had a colony that would enable it to have a grip on the Americas. The foothold would also make it possible for England to exploit available resources, convert pagans to Christianity, claim territory and institute a base from which to strategically attack Spanish ships. However, as a result of poor associations with the indigenous populace, improper geographical timing of colony establishment and inefficient links with the parent country due to foreign conflicts, the settlers of this original English-American colony were destined to fail. The initiative of colonizing the North American coast was set in motion soon after Queen Elizabeth one gave an official charter to Sir Walter Raleigh to establish a colony in a suitable location. After acquiring formal approval from the Queen in 1584, Sir Raleigh created and funded a scouting expedition with the sole mandate of exploring the American coastline and finding a perfect spot to establish the proposed colony. The scout team, led by Captains Arthur Barlow and Phillip Amadas came back with a positive report of the location, that is, Roanoke Island; a land mass off the shore of contemporary North Carolina. The scouts described the Island with glowing terms, praising it for its fertility and pleasant nature. They also reported that Roanoke was occupied by friendly and loving people. Judging from the enthusiastic report, Raleigh and others decided that the Island’s sheltered and secure shores formed a perfect location to establish England’s maiden colony in this N ew World. In the year 1985, after receiving the Queen's financial support and blessing, the first boatload of colonists set sail for the North American coast (Clark n.pg). The initial 100 men, who went to Roanoke Island primarily comprised of soldiers. The men established a settlement on the northern side of Roanoke Island and immediately built a fort. Since they did not have sufficient supplies, these initial colonists exchanged trinkets and beads to the native populace for food and other basic necessities (Clark n.pg). As winter began and food increasingly became scarce, tension heightened between the locals and the English settlers. The expeditions also deteriorated the original kindness that the Native Americans felt toward the settlers. This is because the colonists regularly abducted tribal leaders with the intent of holding them in exchange for scarce supplies. The English settlers treated the locals with disrespect in spite of the fact that they relied on them for basic supp lies. After suffering such a difficult winter, the supply ships still did not arrive as expected in spring. By this time there was actual conflict between the locals and the settlers. Following the constant war with Native Americans, deprivation of food and becoming impatient waiting for the overdue supplies fleet, the colonists decided to travel back home. The overdue supply ships arrived just two weeks later and found the colony abandoned. The fleet left about 15 men to take care of the English settlement in readiness for the next group or recruits (Kupperman 12-25). After the first failure, Sir Raleigh decided to take another attempt at English settlement in Roanoke. During this second attempt, which took place in 1587, Raleigh chose to mix up the prospective English settlement. The recruits comprised of ninety one men, seventeen women and nine children (Kupperman

Re-rite this thesis as a research paper, instruction in assignment Paper

Re-rite this thesis as a , instruction in assignment criteria - Research Paper Example higher costs and complications in mining operations which may require improved systems; the regulatory element is based on the changing legal elements which are shifting towards stricter environmental regulations; and the reputational driver covers the higher pressure from investors and the public on mining firms to cover issues of sustainability. Due to the issue of water scarcity in Chile, the need to evaluate the environmental sustainability of the mining industry became part of the business challenge. The government of Chile has made the necessary changes in order to support sustainability and other mining companies have also recognized the importance of reducing the impact of their actions on the environment. With these elements in place, investments and technological improvements in the mining industry are to be expected. The major pathway through which Veolia can validate its entry into the Chilean market is that of water scarcity. This challenge has the potential to harm the growth and productivity of Chile’s mining sector. It is important for Veolia to generate integrated solutions that can minimise water use, increase water reuse and improve water quality. There are two avenues through which Veolia can pursue its selling proposition. The first suggests that Veolia promotes rigorous environmental standards to leverage a conversation with clients. The second avenue suggests that Veolia develops and uses a multi-stakeholder engagement strategy both at the project and market level. Rigorous implementation of this two-pronged strategy will assist in building a strong source of competitive advantage, and will help it to maximise the value of its services. This paper is underpinned by a three-pronged research objective which called for examination of the way in which mining is regulated in Chile; the possibility for Veolia to use high environmental standards to leverage a conversation with clients; and the importance of a stakeholder engagement

Art exhibition Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Art exhibition - Essay Example Works by Jean-Baptiste-Camille Corot, Jean-Franà §ois Millet, Claude Monet, Thà ©odore Rousseau, Gustave Le Gray, and Eugà ¨ne Cuvelier and other artists were placed purposefully providing a view of the scenery at Fontainebleau. The artworks were interestingly supported by the brochures, maps and souvenirs for tourists during the 19th century to give the viewers a realistic tour of Fontainebleau. I appreciated the exhibit very much because the presentation was visibly carefully planned and well researched by the organizers. The paintings complemented by the photographs in the exhibit comprehensively showed viewers the famous scenery of Fontainebleau. The pieces were accurately selected to perfectly complement each other relating the historical significance of Fontainebleau to the Impressionist movement; an example of such complementary work is Claude Monet’s ‘The Bodmer Oak, Fontainebleau Forest’ and Eugà ¨ne Cuvelier’s ‘Beech Tree near the Bodmer Oak’ which both depicts similar scenery at Fontainebleau. ‘In the Forest of Fontainebleau: Painters and Photographers from Corot to Monet entertainingly educate viewers of the significance of Fontainebleau for the painters and photographers during the 19th century. From the exhibit, I was familiarized with the indispensable relationship between painting and photography and their necessity in recounting the history of important events and places. Furthermore, the exhibit visually narrates the progress in the art of Impressionists by displaying works ranging from the early works to the later works of various Impressionist artists. The exhibit’s theme and its purpose of bringing viewers in the forest of Fontainebleau was achieved because the exhibit can be compared to a tour in the forest of Fontainebleau with breathtaking sceneries skillfully captured by the artists in their canvasses and by their

A Semiparametric Analysis of the Relationship of Body Mass Index to Mortality Essay Example for Free

A Semiparametric Analysis of the Relationship of Body Mass Index to Mortality Essay

Importance of Integrated Marketing Communications

Importance of Integrated Marketing Communications This research will be dedicated to the subject area of Integrated Marketing communications and will investigate the planning and execution of marketing communication strategies. The proposed tittle of the dissertation is: An investigation of contemporary approaches in managing marketing communication strategies to forge brand awareness and to build strong brand-consumer relationship through the use of Integrated Marketing Communications (IMC). A case study of Indian Companies. Marketing Communications are the means by which firms attempt to inform, persuade, and remind consumers- directly or indirectly- about the products and brands they sell. Kotler and Keller (2009). In accordance to this definition, Integrated Marketing Communications (IMC) can be characterised as a concept that focuses on identifying and developing strategy with the right combination of marketing channels to forge a stronger brand-consumer relationship. 2. Aims and Objectives for the Research (Background and Issue/Issues underlying the research)? Aims It is important for any organisation to notify consumers about its products and brands exploiting different means and to market their products. However, the development such marketing strategies rebuffs the existence of significant factors and assumes that the process is flexible enough to cope with any adversities that are expected in the real world. However, the aim of this dissertation will be to demonstrate that this assumption is wrong and the situation is indeed a significant aspect in the selection and configuration of the marketing communication strategies. The dissertation will critically reflect on the methods followed by organisations and will attempt to formulate a situational approach in developing an effectual marketing communication program. Objectives The objectives of this research would be: Outlining the role and relevance of Integrated Marketing communications in establishing stronger brand-consumer relationship. Critically evaluating the development of an analytical framework of various Integrated Marketing communications tools for planning communication strategy. Examining the effects of information provided by the marketers on customers attitudes towards a product or brand. To propose a set of best practices that lead to the development of an effective marketing campaign by a situational combination of different elements of the examined models. 3. Literature Review that will provide the academic underpinning: The literature discusses Integrated Marketing Communication to be a concept which is designed to make all the aspects of the marketing communications such as advertising, direct marketing, personal selling, etc. to work as a unified force rather than permitting them to work in isolation. Kotler and Keller (2009) define Marketing Communications as the means by which firms attempt to inform, persuade, and remind consumers-directly or indirectly-about the products and brands they sell. In addition to this, they view integrated marketing communication as the personification of a company and its brand which possesses a message and builds relationship with the consumers. Kotler and Armstrong, 2008 also comes to the conclusion that the objective of marketing communications is to ensure the consistency of message with complimentary use of media. Kotler and Keller, 2009 states that Integrated Marketing Communications helps in building brand equity by portraying the brand in the minds of the potential consumers and forming a brand image. Kotler and Armstrong (2008), claims that conflicting messages from a wide range of media mix and communication approaches creates confusion in the consumers mind about the companys image, brand positions, and customer relationships. They also maintain, Integrated Marketing Communications leads to a total marketing communication strategy aimed at building strong brand-consumer relationships by creating awareness of the brand among the consumers and linking it to the right associations to the brand image in the their memory. Kotler and Keller (2009) argue that to reinforce the prestigious image of a product or brand, a well-chosen formulation of Integrated Marketing Communications platforms is important. The marketers must seek and co-ordinate the messages from a variety of different sources (Yeshin, 1998). Yeshin further extended that there must be a feedback mechanism between all the elements of the communication strategy and the development inputs of the communication strategy must be chosen in a way that fulfil the promotional objectives established for the campaign. Percy (2008) recognized the integrated use several of marketing communication tools as the largest and fastest growing form of marketing communication which the company uses to introduce or to strengthen its product or brand in the market place. Onkvisit and Shaw cited in Blythe (2003) states that customers attitude is the learned inclination to respond time to time in a favourable or unfavourable way towards that particular product. Opinion towards a product or brand can be considered as a measure of how much a person likes or dislikes a brand (Pelsmacker, Geuens and Bergh, 2001). They describe the reason for these brand attitudes is the belief that the more favourable the brand attitudes are, the more likely the purchase of a brand becomes. Cognitive orientation, based on an information-processing, problem-solving and reasoning approach of human beings, considers the consumers to be an adaptive problem solver, who uses the information provided through various channels to conceptualize and acquiring knowledge (Fill, 2002). It appears that many of the motives for purchase are driven deeply by information provided by the marketers explaining that how the use of a particular product or brand can solve a specific problem, which is also supported by Fill (2002). Developing effective communications begins with identifying the target audiences, their objectives, designing messages, selecting the channels and establishing the budget (Kotler and Keller, 2009). Furthermore, they maintains that most effective communication plan focuses on achieving multiple objectives such as brand awareness, brand attitude, brand purchase intention, etc. The targeted audiences have critical impact on the marketers decisions about what will be said, how, where, when and who will say it (Kotler and Armstrong, 2008). Harmonizing to Kotler and Keller (2009), Kotler and Armstrong suggest that feedback also plays an important role in making a communication strategy more effective. Marketers need to know where the target audiences now stand and to what stage they need to be moved (Kotler and Armstrong, 2008). Researches indicate that the best communication program ask questions and allow readers and viewers to form their own conclusions (Kotler and Keller, 2009). 4. Sources of data/information you anticipate using: The selection of resources has been limited by the fact that there is no financial support available. For my project, I will use the following resources: Personal Network: My professional experience put me into the position of having a well-populated address book in hand. I have identified a group of individuals, who not only have the required level of expertise but might also want to participate in my project because they are interested in the subject. The information will be sourced from three directors, two general managers, four marketing managers of the companies listed below: Schà ¶n Ultrawares Pvt. Ltd., India. Tulip 3P Media Pvt. Ltd., India. Daksh Tools and Appliances Pvt Ltd., India. Libraries: There are university library and several public libraries, I have access to. In addition university library offers a nation-wide inter library loan service. Association for Computing Machinery: This special interest group for computer professionals provides several valuable resources. Most of them can be directly accessed online via the Digital Virtual Library. 5. Access/Research Ethics: I will confirm the Chairman, Directors and Marketing managers of the company clearly and in advance of the purpose of my research. I will ensure that they understand that I am collecting data for my Masters research. I will notify them that the data will only be published in my Dissertation. I will do this on email. I will also report them on email that the identity of the Company as well as their identities will not be revealed in my Dissertation. I will do this by speaking with the Directors and the marketing manager and also emailing them. I will also advise them that their views will not be read by other respondents in the Company. In this way, I will ensure confidentiality. 6. Possible techniques to be used for data/information analysis/interpretation: Several factors call for an inductive approach for this research. The limited resources do not permit an exhaustive data collection as required for a quantitative analysis. At the same time, the differences in the Integrated Marketing Communication programs across organisations suggest a qualitative analysis that can take into account the particular set of circumstances under which the data has been collected (Saunders, Lewis and Thornhill, 2009). In this respect the aim of the dissertation will be addressed through desk research and structured interviews. The desk research will involve critical evaluation on the readings from text books and articles from journals, newspapers and magazines, etc. written by the academics and practitioners related to the underpinnings of the basic theories and management of Integrated Marketing Communications. Data collection will consists of gathering information from directors, general managers and marketing managers. The research will incorporate interviews to identify the groundwork, beliefs and attitudes of the marketing personnel regarding the use of various platforms in their marketing strategies. Data generated from this research will be recorded, summarized using the content analysis technique and will be compared to the data by other studies, the results of which are presented in the literature. 7. Potential Outcomes of your piece of research: The outcomes of the research would be: Finding out and understanding the underpinnings of the marketing strategy of the Indian companies and the practices performed by them in regard to the use of the various Integrated Marketing Communication platforms to make customers aware about their products, brands and services. Comparing the practices of the companies with those of theoretical models proposed by the academics and practitioners to find out how the company performs in relation to the model. Recommendations on the strategies of the company as to whether they should stick with the same methods or how can they improve the quality of their strategies in spreading awareness through Integrated Marketing Communication platforms. 8. Timetable for your research covering the whole period of time available (by month) as below: Time Frame Activity March Refine research objectives. Some part of reading for literature review. April Deciding the structure of the literature review. Finalizing access arrangements. May Deciding on interview dates. Deciding on data for the questionnaires. June Finish reading for literature review. Begin writing chapter-1. Writing chapter-2. July Designing the questionnaire. Designing the interview structure. Designing how to analyze secondary data. Writing chapter-3. Beginning the interviews. Sending out questionnaires. August Finishing collecting data. Analyzing data. Writing chapter-4. Begin writing chapter-5. September Finishing chapter-5. Reviewing other chapters. Applying final changes. Proof reading. Submission of Dissertation.

Alone With Nature :: essays research papers

Alone with Nature Arriving at the lusciously dense forest at daybreak, you gaze at the fresh dew delicately dangling on the foliage. You stroll through the winding dirt trails towards the steady flowing water while the birds proudly recite their early morning songs. Reaching the free flowing stream you bend down and see your clear reflection in front of the orange-yellow sky. Goosebumps rise along your arms as the streams icy depths run through your fingers. The cleansing water quickly refreshes your face, quickly washing away your anxieties and frustrations of a usual hectic life. Beyond the stream is a meadow filled with a variety of flowers. Taking a stroll through the meadow is like walking through a rainbow. The shades of the velvety ornamented flower petals vary from scarlet, to baby blue. Despite the similarities in color, nothing else seems to be the same- they all tower 2 or 3 feet above the dark, rich soil. They sway playfully in unison with the warm caressing breeze, carefully merging the two scents into one fresh, clean fragrance.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  You pry yourself away from the immense meadow, still filled with many unexplored treasures and turn back into the foliage covered depths of the forest. The sun is comfortably placed in front of the cotton candy clouds, in the midst of the soft blue sky. The occasional bird soars through in a last minuet attempt to catch a worm so it may feed the yearning mouths of it's young. The rough dirt trail ends and you are brought to the base of a rock. Your feet reach for the unfamiliar footholds of the high rocky promontory, anxiously scrambling up the streaky pinkish rock ready to explore any new treasures that lie beyond you. Once on top, you gaze down and see it all- the crystal clear stream brilliantly

The Benefits of Advances in Communication for the Visual or Hearing Imp

The Benefits of Advances in Communication for the Visual or Hearing Impaired Language is a means of communication that people use to interact with others in society. Generally, language comprises vocal sounds to which meanings have been assigned by cultural convention and often supplemented by various gestures. (Sharma, 30) For any 'normal' person, language is no longer viewed as a tool to acquire: language is placed as a standard and basic skill, almost being considered given at birth. Such an idea about language is reasonable when taking into account how the development of speech and language is acquired in early childhood. But as a rule, such a 'standard and basic' process of language development is only relevant to 'normal' people, those without any sensory impairments such as blindness or deafness. For the blind and the deaf, acquiring and developing language is a studious process - the blind having to depend extensively on their hearing, and the deaf depending extensively on their vision. With restricted sensory abilities on thorough development of language, both the blind and the deaf can be limited to possible communication and interaction with others in society. Consequently, many computer related technological inventions and improvements have been developed, and both the blind and the deaf have significantly benefited from these innovations as a way of having wider access and use of language in day-to-day living. Indeed until an emergence of technological innovations, the blind and the deaf suffered limited access of communication and interaction with others, among many other things. In order to fully understand and analyze affects of technological innovations on language development, social interactions, a... ...arry. Working with Braille, a study of Braille as a medium of communication. Switzerland: Unesco 1981 Holbrook, Cay M. Ph.D., ed. CHILDREN with VISUAL IMPAIRMENTS a Parents' Guide. Woodbine House, 1996. Lewis, Morris Michael. How Children learn to speak. London, Harrap [c1957] Oesterreich, Lesia. Understanding children, Language development. April, 2004. Sharma, Vimlesh. Cognitive Styles and Language Comprehension of The Blind. Delhi, India. 2001 Sterne, A and Goswami, UC (2000) 'Phonological awareness of syllables, onset-rime units and phonemes in deaf children' in Journal of Child Psychology & Psychiatry & Allied Disciplines, vol. 41, no. 5, July 2000, pp. 609-626. General information from DEAFSA and American Foundation for the Blind

Personal Narrative I am a daydreamer Essay -- Narrative Essay

I am Just Another Daydreamer I am a dreamer, and am always in deep thought. Everything that goes on in my life and all that goes on around me is played and replayed repeatedly in my head. I think about why things happen, and imagine what might happen in the future. I think about how things could have been and about how things can be. When I was asked where I see myself in three years, immediately an entire scenario played in my head. I imagined myself going to school, living on my own, preparing to own my own boutique, and just being that typical college student. The entire setting changes constantly but my goals tend to stay the same. The incessant buzzing makes me roll over and slap the alarm clock: 12:00, time to go to class. I drag myself out from under my bright orange 300 count sheets. I slip on my slippers and drag myself into the bathroom, only to see a big curly knot at the top of my head, with scattered tendrils sticking out, like they have a mind of their own. I jump into the shower and tame this crazy hair of mine. I walk out of the bathroom, to see my roommate...

Homeland Security Essay

Risk management procedure is an important phase in introducing the anti-terrorist procedures aimed to secure certain residents in a specific area. Through this particular procedure, it is necessary that people are notified as to how much risk they are supposed to face in the process. Knowing the precautions that the target people are supposed to take should then help in the education that is given to people as to how they are supposed to face the different impending causes and later results of terrorism in the community (IC 2007 Internet). Once the people are already knowledgeable of what they are facing and what they are particularly at, they are then ready to face the challenges of the situation at a more prepared and confident phase. Knowingly, they are able to protect themselves from the results of impending terrorism. Vulnerability Assessment is also a vital part of the process which at the same time involves at least four other steps needed for consideration. The said steps are as follows: 1. Cataloging assets and capabilities (resources) in a system 2. Assigning quantifiable value and importance to the resources 3. Identifying the vulnerabilities or potential threats to each resource 4. Mitigating or eliminating the most serious vulnerabilities for the most valuable resources From the outlined process of vulnerability assessment, it is noticeable that the focus of the approach in assessing the vulnerability of the community is based upon the environment and the possible threats that are observed from (Stockton 2007 internet), acting towards the said threats could help in the process of making it easier for the society to see their capabilities in protecting themselves well from the threats of terrorism raised against them.

Punctuality and Time Essay

Punctuality is being on time or completing something on time. The main thing is time management. Time management is exercising control over the amount of time spent on activities or it is used to manage time when accomplishing specific tasks or goals. With this u can break time management it to categories like Time discipline adding a time limit and the Value of time. Time discipline is the act of planning out time to do something and then sticking to the time u have set to do it or someone else has set for u to do and complete it in that set time. Time discipline can also be using your time wisely and not waiting till the last moment to do it. But allotting time and doing it in that time so you’re not rushed and so u make fewer mistakes on it or no mistakes. Using your time in a manner where u have the time need to finish the task and either turn it in or come back and relay that the task is done to whoever gave u that task that u had just finished. Setting a time limit a time limit or deadline is a narrow field of time, or particular point in time, by which an objective or task must be accomplished. In project management, deadlines are most often associated with easily obtained goals. Setting a time limit and keeping it is a need tool everyone needs to work and function in every day society. Because if u don’t u won’t be able to hold and keep a job because how can your boss count on you to do and get done with what he/she needs for you to do but I kind of got of topic. Punctuality is the habit of doing things exactly in time. A punctual person will be a winner everywhere. A punctual person is always one step ahead of others. Often we say plan work and work plan. But if you are not stick on your work promptly, punctually, how can you become a better person I your life? Punctuality is essential for man in every walk of life. For students it is a great blessing. If you are punctual you will get enough time to do your work according to your plan. In hospitals, punctuality can make all the difference, of course between life and death. You never face any difficulty so far as time is concerned. You command respect and admiration of all who work with you and are an asset. Everybody likes to work with you such a lovely man. On the contrary an unpunctual man sees himself in arrears as days pass and is gradually filled with despair. He generally causes inconvenience to others and is most of the time a liability. Punctuality is inevitable everywhere. In business also this is very important. If you want to be a successful businessman, you have to be very particular in being punctual. The failure to keep up an engagement punctually may mean a setback for his business. If you are not punctual, you can see your washes away between your cup and lip! If we study the lives of our great men, we find that punctuality was one of the secrets of their success in life. The necessity of doing our work punctually should be felt more keenly because we live today in a complicated society where each work is dependent on the other. The smooth working of the modern world is due to an increasing recognition of the necessity of doing our work punctually. Punctuality being so important in life, it is necessary for every man to cultivate this habit from the very beginning. Once we are punctual, our labours will be lightened, our mind disciplined and our life will be much easier and brighter. so I guess what I’m saying is if we be punctual, we can finish up our work at right time. Punctuality checks unnecessary wastage of time. Time is very valuable for us. We can save it only by punctuality. Time and tide wait for none. Seconds, minutes, hours and days pass by in right order. There is a maxim â€Å"We should hold the time by the forelock†. If we be punctual, a single second of us will never go waste. The English men are very punctual. They put on wrist-watches to exercise punctuality. But we, the Indian put on wrist-watches only as ornaments for show. We cannot progress. If we are not punctual. Punctuality helps us in our progress. It also saves money in other ways. There is a saying. â€Å"A stitch in time saves nine†. So, if we take our food punctually, we will never be sick and so we will never have to spend money on medicines and doctors or to worry our near and dear ones in this connection. Everybody should be punctual in his everyday life. Every one should make a habit of punctuality. The people who have become great in their lives are very punctual. Punctuality is the first condition for becoming great in life. So, punctuality should be the motto in our life. We should not only be punctual ourselves but also advise others to be punctual. But when it comes to the military, certain things are just automatically expected of a person. One of the most important expectations is time management and being on time. Every day there are any number of places one is required to be at a certain time and as the saying goes if you aren’t fifteen minutes early then you are late. One may ask, why fifteen minutes though it may seem Extreme, when dealing with the numbers of people that are dealt with in the armed forces, allowances must be made for the unexpected. There will always be unexpected complications to arise; it is just part of life that is why you can’t simply try to be on time because what happens when something does come up? There is no cushion of time for you to adjust however needed to take care of whatever came up. Just one person being late can begin a chain of events to be set back and throw any number of people’s days off schedule. Say you have an appointment for an eye exam and you are five minutes late. Well that is five minutes that the eye doctor had to wait on one person instead of moving on. The person who’s appointment is after yours is then forced to wait five minutes past when his or her appointment was supposed to begin which could in turn make that person five minutes late to pick up his or her child from school. One person can make that much of a splash just by being late, which is why the military is expected to the punctual. Honor is defined as honesty, fairness, or integrity in ones beliefs and actions. When it comes to being on time one should have the sense to be fair to his or her shipmates not being late and wasting their time. A person being frequently late shows that that person does not respect his or her fellows enough to not keep them waiting on a regular basis.

Belonging: Salem witch trials

One’s sense of belonging can be defined in so many different ways. For some belonging is experienced through familiarity with ones environment. For others, belonging is more about feeling part of a group and being accepted in their community. Many of these concepts are explored in the texts, A play in four acts titled The Crucible by Arthur Miller, A picture book titled The Red Tree by Shaun Tan, and a poem called Metho Drinker by Judith Wright. All of these texts reflect belonging in a different way, the Red Tree focusing on visual imagery to emphasize displacement, The Crucible based on witchcraft, love, and the need of a high status to belong, and the poem Metho Drinker, revealing concern and compassion for a man who only belongs to his addiction. Displacement from ones natural environment can lead to an absence of belonging. This is shown in The Red Tree as the large size of the glass bottle and its position being close to the viewers eye is contrasted with the fainter less visible image of the ocean creating an absence of belonging. Furthermore the glass bottle is overshadowed by a dark blue sky in contrast with the smoky whites and blues of the sky above the ocean creating a sense of distance between the diver and its natural environment. the imagery shown of The glass bottle is situated on a barren landscape bereft of any life and surrounded by rocks and stones. Entrapment can lead to isolation preventing a sense of belonging. The thickness of the glass bottle and the narrow bottle neck give the effect of the diver being trapped with no form of escape. The diver is sitting hunched in a stiff position in the centre of the bottle emphasizing its sense of entrapment. In the poem ‘Metho Drinker’ the author is revealing her compassion and concern for the Metho drinker. A strong sense of belonging is clearly revealed in this poem. Displacement is shown in the first stanza as â€Å"the cruelty of human eyes†, revealing society shunts and rejects him due to his strong addiction to Metho (Alcohol). The personification in the second stanza â€Å"his white and burning girl, his woman of fire† is used because the alcohol he drinks (Metho) is his lover and it shows the intensity of how he belongs to his addiction as he compares it to a woman. The slang language used throughout the poem is suggesting his level in society showing the sense of non belonging and the tone of empathy and compassion created. At the end of the first stanza â€Å"Nothing now he lies†, we get nothing with a capital N because he doesn’t belong in society as he means nothing. The poem ends with sad imagery of a Metho Drinkers dominance by his mysterious passion that doesn’t bring peace and led him to the exclusion to not belong. This poem demonstrates a strong sense of belonging and choosing not to belong was shown due to his addiction â€Å"Metho† that he couldn’t sacrifice anything for. In the play the Crucible the events of the play demonstrate a huge power that can be wielded by groups and those whole belong to a group. It shows a small, seemingly powerless group can disrupt a entire community. Prior to the witch trials, Abigail and the girls were not powerful members of Salem society. Yet through unity, they manage to hold their whole community have people tied and have them executed, but belonging to this group also means they share the same potential gains and risks. Those who should belong are excluded until there is nothing left to belong to. The protagonist of the play ‘John Proctor’ is an individual who has not put a high priority on belonging in his life. Proctor chooses not to belong to Salem society. The fact that he has sinned with Parris’s 17 year old niece Abigail from Salem society causes him to view himself as a hypocrite and not worthy of association of such people like Rebecca Nurse, the most respected and highly regarded member of Salem society, therefore Proctor regards them as better than him. Proctor doesn’t even belong to his own family as at the beginning of the play his sin is still playing a negative influence on his relationship with his wife Elizabeth. In Act two we see that they are uncomfortable with each other. He doesn’t really belong to his family because he’s strayed from them. The repetition and alliteration of â€Å"spare me! You forget nothin’ and forgive nothin† was used to make his point too Elizabeth to show that she has not forgiven him because of the sin. His strong sense of belonging is reflected as he yells â€Å"because it is my name, leave me my name†. This clearly shows us the society he belongs to doesn’t accept him anymore and he fights to save his name so he can be remembered and belong to the Salem society. John Proctor believes that he is unworthy of belonging because of his affair with Abigail. He doesn’t deserve Elizabeth’s love or the respect of the community. Proctors confession of his sexual desire is an confess of secret guilt. He finally achieves his self acceptance and a sense of belonging in his marriage but when everything goes right before he grants a death penalty. In this play belonging is never based on the truth. The truth becomes a shared thing, something everyone agrees on. Belonging therefore is manifested (visible) in so many different ways as evidenced in the crucible, the red tree, and Metho drinker.

Booker T. Washington Up from Slavery

Chapter One Although not officially recorded, Booker T Washington was born in Franklin County, Virginia either in 1858 or 1859. He is unsure of the exact date, but does know that he was born near a crossroads post-office called Hale’s Ford. Born a slave, Booker describes his surroundings as miserable, desolate and discouraging, even though his owner was not too cruel. He had no record of his ancestry or name because he did not know his father. His mother worked as the plantation cook and he helped. He was in charge of the sweet potatoes; he often stole a few when he could.He had no schooling or education. The information the slaves received usually came from the slave that went to the post office to retrieve the mail. The slave would linger around as long as he could, listening to people’s conversations. The biggest news he got was from listening to his mother pray that Lincoln and his army would be successful and the slaves would be free. The slaves spent their lives d eprived while white people took for granted the things the slaves lacked like coffee, tea, sugar, and other articles the slaves weren’t accustomed to.Booker’s first pair of shoes was uncomfortable and loud because the bottom was made from wood. Unlike most salves, the slaves on Booker’s plantation did not completely hate their masters. After they were freed they still cared for their masters and provided them with gifts and money. Chapter Two Once most slaves became free they knew only two things; they needed to change their names and they needed to leave the plantation for at least two days to try out their freedom.Booker and his family went to West Virginia where his step father had already gotten them jobs and a place to live. After begging, his mother finally bought him a book. It was a spelling book that would help him to read and write. Later on a young colored boy came to town who knew how to read and write. The young boy offered to teach a class. Unfortu nately, Booker’s work schedule would interfere with the time the class would be taught. His work end and school started at the same time, making Booker often late for school.Eventually Booker would speed the hands on the clock causing him to get off work early. Before long, Booker’s boss locked the face of the clock. Whenever Booker would run into a problem his mother would find a way to save the day. Booker received special attention. Booker imagined the feelings of a white boy who had no limits; he was envious because he had to struggle to get an education. Chapter Three One day while working Booker overheard two men talking about a school that was open to colored people in Virginia.The school provided opportunities to work while learning to do a trade. To continue to earn money Booker got a job in the home of General Lewis Ruffner, the owner of the mines. Working for his wife, Booker began to build his own library; often he was rewared for his ambitions. After a lon g time of saving Booker decided that he would leave to be on his own. With his mother being in poor heath he said goodbye, knowing he may not ever see her again. He set off realizing that about half way through he probably wouldn’t have enough money to finish the trip.Being turned away from places of shelter because of the color of his skin, he was forced to sleep under the side walk. After going a while without food he went to ask for a job at a ship, unloading cargo. After saving enough money Booker finished his trip to Hampton. He tried to enroll but a rejected because of the dirt on his clothes. Given a chance to redeem himself he was told to go and clean the adjacent room. Realizing his hard work, the teacher allowed Booker to enroll in the school.

Discuss how the media has influenced visions of female sexuality in Essay

Discuss how the media has influenced visions of female sexuality in the 21st century - Essay Example Over the years, women have worked hard to attain high levels of education and gain higher positions within the workforce ladder. However, a gender gap still exists even in these modern days where women’s goals and aspirations have been misrepresented. The media has played one of the greatest roles in this as it has conditioned the masses to believe that women’s success is based on their appearance and attractiveness (Gentile 2). Despite the fact that women work hard to earn these good jobs and vital roles in the society, they still feel the need to appear attractive in order to feel a real sense of success. The media through its advertisements and television programmes has only portrayed attractive women to be successful. As the young children grow assimilating these images in their minds, they can only combine women’s success and their appearances (Goh-Mah 2013). The media has created ideals of a perfect female body when presenting women throughout their broadcastings in the modern society. The media has programmed people to believe that tall, lean, and light skinned women are a symbol of beauty in the society. This has been emphasised by the fashion and entertainment industries, which are mostly viewed by the young generation. Advertisements have upheld and continued to portray this belief as they clearly depict a picture where a woman will enhance her appearance just to attract a man that she will get married to (Strohmeier 2013). These are marketing ploys to ensure that these companies sell numerous beauty products, shoes, clothes and other commodities. Youngsters do not understand this and they grow up already having a perception that model-like figures and accessories are symbols of beauty. This has led to the development of self-esteem issues among many people who don’t possess these features, therefore, taking some people to ex treme measures

Reading and writing skills Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Reading and writing skills - Essay Example The audience also influences the tone of the piece of writing, for instance when I am writing an email to a friend, I will assume a friendly tone, full of jokes unlike when I was writing to a prospective manager of a given company. Furthermore, the writing format will be different as in one will be official while the other one will be formal. After taking care of the interest of the audience, I would make an outline for the piece of writing. This will be important especially when the piece is a long one, notably it will help in reducing the task to a manageable piece of writing. Similarly writing has to involve the interest, actions and the attention of the readers. In doing this I try as much as possible to arouse the interest of the readers as much as possible. For instance, I will include jokes in the writing. Theme of writing of the story is another thing that puts most of the writers off the track. It is important that the writer develop a coherent and an interesting theme so that the audience or the assigner eliminates informed attitudes toward the message in question. On the same note, it is important that the writer maintain the use of a simple language taking keen interest of the plights of his audience. The purpose of writing a piece of art is primarily to communicate with the audience (Jones& Jay, 65). However, the way in which we do the communication is important as it reflects the intention of the communicator. The writer must first of all convince the instructor that he understands the theme he is writing about. This goes along side with the originality and creativity in writing. Moreover, development of the plots is another element that helps in achieving the beauty values in writing. A good writer should always aim at being original in his or her work and, free from plagiarism. However, in an event where he chooses to quote another authors work the he has to acknowledge that author.

M4A1 PART B Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

M4A1 PART B - Essay Example This is the reason why measures taken by management and employees are often too late or inadequate. For example, in 2006, Jerry York, a GM board member had urged the automaker to unload Saab and Hummer but the idea met resistance and ended in ultimate losses (Krolicki, 2009). Now, one of these concerns is near bankruptcy whereas the other one is supervised by court. Out of resistance, the current culture of GM is less tolerant to differences, portrays less appetite for risk taking and exploiting the opportunities in hand, and appears to be narrow-minded to the social concerns that are emerging everyday and endangering its stability and existence in future e.g. increasing labor cost with excessive payload of surplus labor, and also the lack of attention paid to environmental issues. Due credit must be given to our predecessors but with the changes in absolutely every segment of our lives, GM must prepare itself first for the present and then for the future by first letting go of its same bureaucratic culture which is a souvenir from baby bombers. GM is trying hard to compete with the companies that value the importance of cultural diversity, innovation and technology along with appropriate leadership. It has acted like a shelter for many managers who were afraid of getting out of their comfort zone and face the current challenges (Krisher, 2012) . Instead our culture has provoked them to use the chain of command principal, as an excuse for lack of performance and innovation. Considering the last near bankruptcy experience, GM culture has to change. In the light of past experiences, I would recommend that GM needs to evaluate the need for change and incorporate all necessary amendments not only in its operations and processes but in the overall organizational culture with a special emphasis to our most valued assets, our human resources. According to

Hospital Disaster Planning Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Hospital Disaster Planning - Research Paper Example Finally the purpose of a plan is to enable an organization reduce expenses which may occur at a future time. To begin with, every plan and project has to have goals and objectives to be met and therefore ample time ought to be invested so that all relevant information is table. In case of fire, some on the things to consider are how the fire outbreak can occur. In some instance, fire occurs outside the premises while in few instances inside the building. The major question then is how one will handle such a case in either case. There is therefore a need to have a plan. The initial step in designing a good plan for fire emergency is to contact personnel who have dealt with such cases, for they have a wide knowledge of past experience in disaster management and therefore they would be fundamental assets for a viable emergency management fire plan (Hanna, 2008). A good plan should define basin emergency terminologies and diagrammatically show any symbol associated with fire emergency and a clear definition of the symbol and its use and purpose. This is because the team that comes up with the plan may not be the same team that will put the plan into operation. The sequential steps and measures to pursue, incase of fire breakout, should be sequential enough and easy to implement. Furthermore, a good plan should have a list of appendix to give easy reference of information within the plan. In addition, a good plan should also be able to achieve its objectives perfectly well and also it should be subject to amendment. Assuming that fire outbreak from outside, some of the objectives many include one, to ensure that the larger mass of patients who possible could be outside are well controlled in order to avoid any casualty. Secondly, in case of fatalities, first aid ought to be administered instantaneously to avoid further complication. In addition to that, the medial care should come up with ways of ensuring that the available

Leadership Personal Issues and the Rules of Law Assignment

Leadership Personal Issues and the Rules of Law - Assignment Example Consequently, they made obligatory that the recruits ought to have two years college credits merits or two years in the military. Nonetheless, there has never been consensus over the issues. Those arguing against the postsecondary education prerequisite hold that the requirement the unreasonably limits the current thin applicant pool by not including the otherwise other qualified applicants. In addition, they argue against the requirement as discriminatory in nature and therefore have a disproportionate negative blow on minorities because it provides unequal opportunities for secondary schooling. They also view that higher education does not entirely provide all the skills looked-for to execute the job since those skills come exclusively because of experience in the policing career. On the contrary, those who support the requirement also have stern reasons for their stand. They believe that policing is a complex career, where knowledge and skills indispensable to do the job effectively can only be scholarly acquired in a classroom, and not exclusively through on-the-job experience. The society has become progressively more well-informed, and it is indispensable for polic e to keep tempo with the larger civic. According to proponents, postsecondary recruits are more mature and more-rounded and are likely to interact easily with the public to offer solutions with understanding rather than authoritarian approach. Consequently, they hold that those who learn criminal justice at higher institutions will bring a more in-depth acquaintance of the system, its diverse components, how it works, as well as the established hypotheses on the causes of crime.  

Given the cost and time involved in getting a college degree, do you Essay

Given the cost and time involved in getting a college degree, do you believe the benefits of a college degree outweigh the drawbacks State your position, and provide evidence and examples to support it - Essay Example 309-46). Nevertheless, is it worth incurring heavy financial expenses in order to obtain a college degree if the future of making the maximum use of the same is not certain? While the cost, effort, and time involved in obtaining a college degree may appear enormous in terms of sacrifice, there is still a strong belief that the benefits of a college degree outweigh the drawbacks especially going by the lucrative job opportunities that it brings along with it. Although the cost of getting a college degree may be quite prohibitive, it is evident that the job opportunities that come with the possession of one are innumerable besides the flexibility in profession (Bacila pp. 531-48). Essentially, getting a college degree helps a person to be predisposed to many job opportunities and therefore they are able to get a decent job upon the completion of their studies. This actually means that they are in a better position to secure decent jobs if they have a college degree than when they do not possess one. Additionally, the many job opportunities that present themselves to people who have college degrees have the luxury to choose the jobs or professions they want to pursue since they a college degree qualifies them in a number of fields and hence they can be flexible in terms of switching professions (McMahon pp. 309-46). As far as work experience is concerned, it is important to mention that a college degree benefits the holders through enabling them to accumulate work experience in their respective areas of specialization (Bacila pp. 531-48). Certainly, education up to college level places a person in a better position to quantify the specific experience that they hold in a particular professional field as opposed to general experience of unqualified staff. This experience is beneficial to their career progression. Perhaps another point worth noting about

Logistics and Supply Chain Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Logistics and Supply Chain Management - Essay Example A proper integration of functional and cross functional activities on the basis of product flow is also required to further the supply chain efficiency. The answers to the following questions elaborate on these aspects of supply chain management. In the present day business environment firms can enhance their competitive strength by efficiently managing their supply chain. The typical supply chain in any manufacturing firm consists of various firms and agencies taking part in the purchasing, production and distribution functions of the firm. The objective of an effective supply chain management is to ensure that the costs involved in procuring the materials and components, cost of carrying the inventory of various materials and the cost of distributing the products to the end customers are reduced to the maximum extent possible so that the profitability of the company can be improved. In the process of improving the efficiency of the production process techniques like 'just-in-time' manufacturing system helps the firms to achieve the objective of cost reduction and minimization of production time. It is also important that there is an effective information flow between various supply chain partners. With the advanced informa tion and communication technology existing today it becomes easier for the firm to communicate with each other efficiently. This paper discusses some of the relevant aspects of an efficient supply chain management. 1. Critical Evaluation of the Contribution of Just-in-time (JIT) The JIT philosophy advocates the elimination of waste through the process of simplifying the production processes and elimination of piling up of inventories. Also known as 'lean production' JIT is a 'demand-pull' manufacturing system. Under this system each component in a production line is produced immediately as needed by the next step in the production line. In a typical JIT production line manufacturing activity at any particular workstation is prompted by the need for that station's output at the following workstation. In the JIT system demand triggers each step of the production process starting with the customer demand for the finished product at the end of the process and working all the way back to the demand for direct materials at the beginning of the process. In this way the demand pulls an order through the production line. The demand-pull feature of JIT production system achieves close coordination among workstations. The objectives of JIT are to (i) meet customer dema nd in a timely way, (ii) with high-quality products and (iii) at the lowest possible total cost. Contribution

Mercantilism and liberalism and Israeli-Palestinian conflict Essay

Mercantilism and liberalism and Israeli-Palestinian conflict - Essay Example On the other hand, the basic tenet of liberalism as an economic school of thought is based on the invisible capacities offered by the economy. In this regard, the concept of liberalism creates a platform for fair and equal market practices, or with little government intervention (Goldstein, Joshua & Jon, 8). In a market environment guided by liberalism as a school of thought, the natural laws of demand and supply play a major role in regulating market activities and are believed to work effectively as compared to government implemented policies (Goldstein, Joshua & Jon, 8). According to Goldstein, Joshua & Jon 2006, one major similarity exists between mercantilism and liberalism; in these two schools of thought, the market seems as the driving force for an economy that intends to achieve a high level of development. In this regard, both theories provide unique ideologies that can be used to regulate supply and demand activities in the market as a core of economic development. According to the mercantilist ideologies, economies or states and markets have a high sense of relationship; this is because states are usually considered producers of resources and they assist markets in the process of remaining prosperous (Goldstein, Joshua & Jon, 14). However, in the case that a state-to-state relationship or interaction has to occur; there must be certain anticipated gains. These gains can be achieved through war. In this case, there must always be a winner and a loser, thus this ideology is based on a zero-sum gain (Goldstein, Joshua & Jon, 14). In relation to Liberalism theory, economic development processes are composed of exclusive players, basically two categories of players: The first category is made of states that positively interact with each other and the second category is made of the markets (Goldstein, Joshua & Jon, 14). Liberalism theorists believe that states relate with each other owing to the fact that they believe in

Risky Behaviors in Teens Essay Example for Free

Risky Behaviors in Teens Essay â€Å"Teens are at high behavioral risk for acquiring most STDs. Teenagers and young adults are more likely than other age groups to have multiple sex partners, to engage in unprotected sex, and, for young women, to choose sexual partners older than themselves. Moreover, young women are biologically more susceptible to chlamydia, gonorrhea and HIV. † (http://www. cdc. gov/std/Trends2000/trends2000. pd). In the United States alone teen births are extremely high, they represent about 10 percent of 4 million births each year. Not only does having a child during the teenage years causes social, emotional, and physical problems it also cost the United States 9 billion dollars a year. When having unprotected sex, not only pregnancy is a concern but receiving a sexually transmitted disease is a huge concern as well. In order to treat STDs in America it cost the government $17 million a year. The two most common STDs that teenagers catch are chlamydia, and gonorrhea. As a public health official it is important to know why do teenagers continually put themselves in situations that can alter their lives. Another thing public officials need to look into is the adolescents psychosexual health. There have been so many studies looking at the vantage point on the amount STDs, abortions, and pregnancies teens have. Now that depression is a growing concern in adolescents today, looking into the correlation between sexual activity and depression will be of great help to the public health community (Kosunen,Heino, Rimpela, and Laippala). In order to find these answers we must first examine two human behavioral theories: 1) Bronfenbrenner’s ecological theory and 2) the attachment theory. Once we have the answers to the question of why, then we can start the prevention of teen pregnancies and the spread of STDs amongst our youth. Bronfenbrenner is the leading contributor to the ecological systems theory. The ecological theory uses four types of roles and norms that shape children’s development. In order to make the theory is easy-to-understand Bronfenbrenner described it as the microsystem, mesosystem, exosystem, and macro system. It is stated that, â€Å"This theory looks at a child’s development within the context of the system of relationships that form his or her environment. Bronfenbrenner’s theory defines complex â€Å"layers† of environment, each having an effect on a child’s development. This theory has recently been renamed â€Å"bio ecological systems theory† to emphasize that a child’s own biology is a primary environment fueling her development. The interaction between factors in the child’s maturing biology, his immediate family/community environment, and the societal landscape fuels and steers his development. Changes or conflict in any one layer will ripple throughout other layers. To study a child’s development then, we must look not only at the child and her immediate environment, but also at the interaction of the larger environment as well† (http://pt3. nl. edu/paquetteryanwebquest. pdf). The microsystem is where the child has direct daily contact with certain structures. The microsystem includes the child’s family, school, daycare, and the child’s neighborhood. Since this is the most important part of the ecological system the relationships have an impact that can go into different directions(both away from the child and towards the child). For example, a child’s parents may affect his beliefs and behavior; however, the child also affects the behavior and beliefs of the parent. Bronfenbrenner calls these bi-directional influences, and he shows how they occur among all levels of environment. The interaction of structures within a layer and interactions of structures between layers is key to this theory. At the microsystem level, bi-directional influences are strongest and have the greatest impact on the child. However, interactions at outer levels can still impact the inner structures. † ((http://pt3. nl. edu/paquetteryanwebquest. pdf). The mesosystem is the connection between the child’s microsystems. This can be the connection between the teacher and the child’s parents. The exosystem is the layer where the child does not function directly. This could be the parent’s work place or work schedule; even though the child does not function directly in this atmosphere the child can still feel the positive or negative consequences associated with the interaction. The macrosystem consists of the child’s culture, values, customs, and laws. For example if the child’s culture believes that it takes a village to raise a child, not only will mom and dad punish you but Ms.  Susie the next door neighbor will too. This gives the parent’s many more resources in order to raise their child in the appropriate way. â€Å"Attachment theory describes the dynamics of long-term relationships between humans especially as within families and between life-long friends. Its most important tenet is that an infant needs to develop a relationship with at least one primary caregiver for social and emotional development to occur normally, and that further relationships build on the patterns developed in the first relationships. Attachment theory is an interdisciplinary study encompassing the fields of psychological, evolution , and ethological theory. † (http://www. absoluteastronomy. com/topics/Attachment_theory). For a lot of adolescents, going into the teen years can be a very stressful transition. This met with a lot of intense challenges and changes. During this time the teen is moving away from his or her parents as their primary attachments figure and are looking towards their friends to be their primary attachment theory. If the teen’s friends are engaging in risky behaviors such as having more than one sexual partners, having unprotected sex, and etc. he teen is more likely to engage in the same type of behavior(Tracey and Shaver p. 2). â€Å"Adolescents interact simultaneously in several social spheressuch as family, peer, and neighborhood systemsthat can serve to either restrain or promote individual behaviors† (DiClemente, Salazar, Crosby, Rosenthalp. 1). The roles of the parents are very important; studies have shown that if parents are more focused on their child’s wellbeing and know the whereabouts of their child, the adolescent is less likely to engage in risky behaviors (Voisin and DiClemente p. ). in understanding how the ecological theory works, if the child or adolescent is surrounded by teen pregnancy, risky behaviors, and the prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases this adolescent will believe that this behavior is okay. It is important for the adolescent to have support inside and outside of his or hers home. It is a belief that teen pregnancy and STDs can be prevented, but the question is how do public health officials began to combat these problems? In January 2011 Frayser high school made national news because 90 girls were pregnant who currently attended the school. â€Å"In Memphis, the teen pregnancy rate is between 15 percent and 20 percent – and in Frayser, the rate is 26 percent, said Deborah Hester Harrison, executive director of Memphis’ Girls Inc. It’s no surprise that Harrison places at least part of the blame on the media, such as the popular MTV shows â€Å"16 and Pregnant† and â€Å"Teen Mom. † (http://fieldnotes. msnbc. msn. com/_news/2011/01/14/5841767-90-pregnancies-at-o ne-high-school). In order for Memphis to fight this epidemic, they have received funding from the Center of Disease Control (CDC) in order to conduct a youth risk behaviors survey and implement effective policies, programs, and practices to avoid, prevent, and reduce sexual risk behaviors among students that contribute to HIV infection, sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), and pregnancy. (http://www. cdc. gov/healthyyouth/states/locals/tn-memphis. htm). The youth risk behavior survey shows that 90% of teenagers in Memphis do not use protection when having intercourse. The survey also shows that over 60% of teens have had sex are sexually active. Memphis City Schools are implementing a lot of different programs that will teach teens the importance of using protection during sex and the different effects that STDs and pregnancy can have on their lives (http://www. cdc. gov/healthyyouth/states/locals/tn-memphis. htm#1). It is a well-known fact that parents play an important part in their child’s development, there should be a free parenting class to parents that will teach them how to deal with their teens risky behaviors. Also teachers need to be better trained on how they deal with a student’s situation. Schools represent another socializing agent for adolescents and can be a significant source of support. This may be particularly important for many high-risk teenagers, whose families may lack adequate resources and parental support. Adolescents who believe that they are receiving high levels of support in school and feel that they are connected to teachers are less likely to engage in risky sexual behaviors compared with peers reporting less school support or teacher connectedness† (DiClemente, Salazar, Crosby, Rosenthal, p. 1). By involving the parents and teachers into the preventive process teen pregnancy and STDs will decline.

Application And Use Of Complex Numbers

Application And Use Of Complex Numbers HISTORY OF COMPLEX NUMBERS:- Complex numbers were first conceived and defined by the Italian mathematician Gerolamo Cardano, who called them fictitious, during his attempts to find solutions to cubic equations. This ultimately led to the fundamental theorem of algebra, which shows that with complex numbers, a solution exists to every polynomial equation of degree one or higher. Complex numbers thus form an algebraically closed field, where any polynomial equation has a root. The rules for addition, subtraction and multiplication of complex numbers were developed by the Italian mathematician Rafael Bombelli. A more abstract formalism for the complex numbers was further developed by the Irish mathematician William Rowan Hamilton. COMPLEX NUMBER INTERPRETATION:- A number in the form of x+iy where x and y are real numbers and i = is called a complex number. Let z= x+iy X is called real part of z and is denoted by R (z) Y is called imaginary part of z and is denoted by I (z) CONJUGATE OF A COMPLEX NUMBER: A pair of complex numbers x+iy and x-iy are said to be conjugate of each other. PROPERTIES OF COMPLEX NUMBERS ARE:- 1) If + = + then = 2) Two complex numbers + and + are said to be equal If R (+) = R ( +) I (+) = I ( +) 3) Sum of the two complex numbers is ( +) +( + = (+ ) + (+) 4) Difference of two complex numbers is ( +) ( + = () + () 5) Product of two complex numbers is ( +) ( + = +( ) 6) Division of two complex numbers is = + 7) Every complex number can be expressed in terms of r (cosÃŽÂ ¸ + sinÃŽÂ ¸) R (x+) = r cosÃŽÂ ¸ I (x+) = r sinÃŽÂ ¸ r = and ÃŽÂ ¸ = REPRESENTATION OF COMPLEX NUMBERS IN PLANE The set of complex numbers is two-dimensional, and a coordinate plane is required to illustrate them graphically. This is in contrast to the real numbers, which are one-dimensional, and can be illustrated by a simple number line. The rectangular complex number plane is constructed by arranging the real numbers along the horizontal axis, and the imaginary numbers along the vertical axis. Each point in this plane can be assigned to a unique complex number, and each complex number can be assigned to a unique point in the plane. Modulus and Argument of a complex number: The number r = is called modulus of x+ and is written by mod (x+) or ÃŽÂ ¸ = is called amplitude or argument of x+ and is written by amp (x+) or arg (x+) Application of imaginary numbers: For most human tasks, real numbers (or even rational numbers) offer an adequate description of data. Fractions such as à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬  and à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ º are meaningless to a person counting stones, but essential to a person comparing the sizes of different collections of stones. Negative numbers such as à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã¢â‚¬â„¢3 and à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã¢â‚¬â„¢5 are meaningless when measuring the mass of an object, but essential when keeping track of monetary debits and credits. Similarly, imaginary numbers have essential concrete applications in a variety of sciences and related areas such as signal processing, control theory, electromagnetism, quantum mechanics, cartography, vibration analysis, and many others. APPLICATION OF COMPLEX NO IN ENGINEERING:- Control Theory In control theory, systems are often transformed from the time domain to the frequency domain using the Laplace transform. The systems poles and zeros are then analyzed in the complex plane. The root locus, Nyquist plot, and Nichols plot techniques all make use of the complex plane. In the root locus method, it is especially important whether the poles and zeros are in the left or right half planes, i.e. have real part greater than or less than zero. If a system has poles that are in the right half plane, it will be unstable, all in the left half plane, it will be stable, on the imaginary axis, it will have marginal stability. If a system has zeros in the right half plane, it is a nonminimum phase system. Signal analysis Complex numbers are used in signal analysis and other fields for a convenient description for periodically varying signals. For given real functions representing actual physical quantities, often in terms of sines and cosines, corresponding complex functions are considered of which the real parts are the original quantities. For a sine wave of a given frequency, the absolute value |z| of the corresponding z is the amplitude and the argument arg(z) the phase. If Fourier analysis is employed to write a given real-valued signal as a sum of periodic functions, these periodic functions are often written as complex valued functions of the form where à Ã¢â‚¬ ° represents the angular frequency and the complex number z encodes the phase and amplitude as explained above. Improper integrals In applied fields, complex numbers are often used to compute certain real-valued improper integrals, by means of complex-valued functions. Several methods exist to do this; see methods of contour integration. Residue theorem The residue theorem in complex analysis is a powerful tool to evaluate path integrals of meromorphic functions over closed curves and can often be used to compute real integrals as well. It generalizes the Cauchy and Cauchys integral formula. The statement is as follows. Suppose U is a simply connected open subset of the complex plane C, a1,,an are finitely many points of U and f is a function which is defined and holomorphic on U \ {a1,,an}. If ÃŽÂ ³ is a rectifiable curve in U which doesnt meet any of the points ak and whose start point equals its endpoint, then Here, Res(f,ak) denotes the residue of f at ak, and n(ÃŽÂ ³,ak) is the winding number of the curve ÃŽÂ ³ about the point ak. This winding number is an integer which intuitively measures how often the curve ÃŽÂ ³ winds around the point ak; it is positive if ÃŽÂ ³ moves in a counter clockwise (mathematically positive) manner around ak and 0 if ÃŽÂ ³ doesnt move around ak at all. In order to evaluate real integrals, the residue theorem is used in the following manner: the integrand is extended to the complex plane and its residues are computed (which is usually easy), and a part of the real axis is extended to a closed curve by attaching a half-circle in the upper or lower half-plane. The integral over this curve can then be computed using the residue theorem. Often, the half-circle part of the integral will tend towards zero if it is large enough, leaving only the real-axis part of the integral, the one we were originally interested Quantum mechanics The complex number field is relevant in the mathematical formulation of quantum mechanics, where complex Hilbert spaces provide the context for one such formulation that is convenient and perhaps most standard. The original foundation formulas of quantum mechanics the Schrà ¶dinger equation and Heisenbergs matrix mechanics make use of complex numbers. The quantum theory provides a quantitative explanation for two types of phenomena that classical mechanics and classical electrodynamics cannot account for: Some observable physical quantities, such as the total energy of a blackbody, take on discrete rather than continuous values. This phenomenon is called quantization, and the smallest possible intervals between the discrete values are called quanta (singular: quantum, from the Latin word for quantity, hence the name quantum mechanics.) The size of the quanta typically varies from system to system. Under certain experimental conditions, microscopic objects like atoms or electrons exhibit wave-like behavior, such as interference. Under other conditions, the same species of objects exhibit particle-like behavior (particle meaning an object that can be localized to a particular region of space), such as scattering. This phenomenon is known as wave-particle duality. Application of complex number in Computer Science. 1) Arithmetic and logic in computer system Arithmetic and Logic in Computer Systems provides a useful guide to a fundamental subject of computer science and engineering. Algorithms for performing operations like addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division in digital computer systems are presented, with the goal of explaining the concepts behind the algorithms, rather than addressing any direct applications. Alternative methods are examined, and explanations are supplied of the fundamental materials and reasoning behind theories and examples. 2) Recticing Software engineering in 21st century This technological manual explores how software engineering principles can be used in tandem with software development tools to produce economical and reliable software that is faster and more accurate. Tools and techniques provided include the Unified Process for GIS application development, service-based approaches to business and information technology alignment, and an integrated model of application and software security. Current methods and future possibilities for software design are covered. In Electrical Engineering: The voltage produced by a battery is characterized by one real number (called potential), such as +12 volts or à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã¢â‚¬â„¢12 volts. But the AC voltage in a home requires two parameters. One is a potential, such as 120 volts, and the other is an angle (called phase). The voltage is said to have two dimensions. A 2-dimensional quantity can be represented mathematically as either a vector or as a complex number (known in the engineering context as phasor). In the vector representation, the rectangular coordinates are typically referred to simply as X and Y. But in the complex number representation, the same components are referred to as real and imaginary. When the complex number is purely imaginary, such as a real part of 0 and an imaginary part of 120, it means the voltage has a potential of 120 volts and a phase of 90 °, which is physically very real. Application in electronics engineering Information that expresses a single dimension, such as linear distance, is called a scalar quantity in mathematics. Scalar numbers are the kind of numbers students use most often. In relation to science, the voltage produced by a battery, the resistance of a piece of wire (ohms), and current through a wire (amps) are scalar quantities. When electrical engineers analyzed alternating current circuits, they found that quantities of voltage, current and resistance (called impedance in AC) were not the familiar one-dimensional scalar quantities that are used when measuring DC circuits. These quantities which now alternate in direction and amplitude possess other dimensions (frequency and phase shift) that must be taken into account. In order to analyze AC circuits, it became necessary to represent multi-dimensional quantities. In order to accomplish this task, scalar numbers were abandoned and complex numbers were used to express the two dimensions of frequency and phase shift at one time. In mathematics, i is used to represent imaginary numbers. In the study of electricity and electronics, j is used to represent imaginary numbers so that there is no confusion with i, which in electronics represents current. It is also customary for scientists to write the complex number in the form a + jb. In electrical engineering, the Fourier transform is used to analyze varying voltages and currents. The treatment of resistors, capacitors, and inductors can then be unified by introducing imaginary, frequency-dependent resistances for the latter two and combining all three in a single complex number called the impedance. (Electrical engineers and some physicists use the letter j for the imaginary unit since i is typically reserved for varying currents and may come into conflict with i.) This approach is called phasor calculus. This use is also extended into digital signal processing and digital image processing, which utilize digital versions of Fourier analysis (and wavelet analysis) to transmit, compress, restore, and otherwise process digital audio signals, still images, and video signals. Introduce the formula E = I à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Z where E is voltage, I is current, and Z is impedance. Complex numbers are used a great deal in electronics. The main reason for this is they make the whole topic of analyzing and understanding alternating signals much easier. This seems odd at first, as the concept of using a mix of real and imaginary numbers to explain things in the real world seem crazy!. . To help you get a clear picture of how theyre used and what they mean we can look at a mechanical example We can now reverse the above argument when considering a.c. (sine wave) oscillations in electronic circuits. Here we can regard the oscillating voltages and currents as side views of something which is actually rotating at a steady rate. We can only see the real part of this, of course, so we have to imagine the changes in the other direction. This leads us to the idea that what the oscillation voltage or current that we see is just the real portion of a complex quantity that also has an imaginary part. At any instant what we see is determined by a phase angle which varies smoothly with time. We can now consider oscillating currents and voltages as being complex values that have a real part we can measure and an imaginary part which we cant. At first it seems pointless to create something we cant see or measure, but it turns out to be useful in a number of ways. 1) It helps us understand the behaviour of circuits which contain reactance (produced by capacitors or inductors) when we apply a.c. signals. 2) It gives us a new way to think about oscillations. This is useful when we want to apply concepts like the conservation of energy to understanding the behaviour of systems which range from simple a mechanical pendulums to a quartz-crystal oscillator. Applications in Fluid Dynamics In fluid dynamics, complex functions are used to describe potential flow in two dimensions. Fractals. Certain fractals are plotted in the complex plane, e.g. the Mandelbrot set Fluid Dynamics and its sub disciplines aerodynamics, hydrodynamics, and hydraulics have a wide range of applications. For example, they are used in calculating forces and moments on aircraft, the mass flow of petroleum through pipelines, and prediction of weather patterns. The concept of a fluid is surprisingly general. For example, some of the basic mathematical concepts in traffic engineering are derived from considering traffic as a continuous fluids. Relativity In special and general relativity, some formulas for the metric on spacetime become simpler if one takes the time variable to be imaginary. (This is no longer standard in classical relativity, but is used in an essential way in quantum field theory.) Complex numbers are essential to spinors, which are a generalization of the tensors used in relativity. Applied mathematics In differential equations, it is common to first find all complex roots r of the characteristic equation of a linear differential equation and then attempt to solve the system in terms of base functions of the form f(t) = ert. In Electromagnetism: Instead of taking electrical and magnetic part as a two different real numbers, we can represent it as in one complex number IN Civil and Mechanical Engineering: The concept of complex geometry and Argand plane is very much useful in constructing buildings and cars. This concept is used in 2-D designing of buildings and cars. It is also very useful in cutting of tools. Another possibility to use complex numbers in simple mechanics might be to use them to represent rotations.